A 65-year-old male patient presented with a rare arterio-venous fistula (AFV). The symptoms
included congestion, decreased visual acuity, and proptosis. Further investigation revealed …

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Intraorbital arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) of the ophthalmic
veins are an extremely rare phenomenon. This article describes two such cases treated …

Orbital arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a rare disease, and its standard therapeutic strategy
has not been established. A 70-year-old male consulted an ophthalmologist due to a visual …

BACKGROUND: A spontaneous arteriovenous fistula of the orbit is exceedingly rare. We
report the first case of such condition treated with direct surgical exposure of the superior …

Background: Pure intraorbital arteriovenous fistula (AVF) that do not connect to the
cavernous sinus are quite rare. Presence of thrombosed varix in association with a …

We report a 61-year-old male with an intraorbital arteriovenous fistula. Due to the close
proximity of the arterial feeder to the central retinal artery, and the tiny calibre of the draining …

Spontaneous arteriovenous fistula is a rare orbital lesion that may cause proptosis, ptosis,
chemosis, and visual disturbances. The widely practiced treatment is a transvenous …

Intraorbital arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a very rare disease; therefore an optimal treatment
strategy has not yet been established. Here we describe the use of high-resolution cone …

A 72-year-old male presented with progressive right axial proptosis and red eye. Catheter
angiography demonstrated an intraorbital arteriovenous fistula (IAVF) distal to the central …

A left orbital arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is diagnosed in a patient presenting with proptosis.
Intra-orbital AVFs are rare according to the literature search, and therefore, the best …